Oncology refers to the branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer or tumours. Most cancers have four stages. The specific stage is determined by a few different factors, including the tumour’s size and location: • Stage 0: Stage 0 cancers are still located in the place they started in the form of abnormal cells. They have not spread to nearby tissues. This stage of cancer is often curable. Surgery can usually remove the entire tumor. • Stage I: The cancer is localized to a small area and hasn’t spread to lymph nodes or other tissues. • Stage II and Stage III: The cancer has grown larger and has possibly spread to lymph nodes or other tissues. • Stage IV: The cancer has spread to other organs or areas of your body. This stage is also referred to as metastatic or advanced cancer. The cancer is diagnosed through imaging procedures such as Computerized tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic Resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) scan as well as biopsy test. The treatment varies from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy to surgical procedures for treatment of cancer. The type and cost of treatment depends upon the affected body part or organ, severity of cancer, age of patient etc.
Key procedures
Procedure
Name |
Description |
Minimum
cost |
Maximum
Cost |
Days
for hospitalisation |
Chemotherapy |
Chemotherapy
is a course of drug treatment used in the middle or later stages of cancer
that uses powerful chemicals to kill or damage the fast-growing cancer cells
in the body. During a course of treatment, you usually have around 4 to 8
cycles of treatment spread over 3-6 month duration. |
15000
per cycle |
60000
per cycle |
Outpatient
procedure |
Surgery |
Cancerous
tumors that haven’t spread may be removed with surgery. This surgery can also
be combined with chemotherapy or radiation to shrink a tumor before surgery
or to kill cancer cells that may remain after surgery. |
250000 |
1200000 |
3-4
days |
External
Beam Radiation Therapy |
Radiation
therapy is used in the early stages of cancer. In this procedure, an external
beam of radiation is projected to the body part to kill cancer cells or slow
their growth. Most patients get radiation treatments daily for 4 to 8 weeks. |
40000 |
1800000 |
Outpatient
procedure |
Internal
Radiation Therapy |
In
Internal radiation therapy, the source of radiation which can be either
solid (brachytherapy) or liquid
(systemic therapy), is put inside the body to expose the cancer cells to
radiation to reduce their growth and recurrence. |
55000 |
450000 |
0-2
days |
Immunotherapy |
A new
form of cancer treatment for advanced
stage cancers in which the body's immune system is boosted to fight the
cancer cells through the help of infusion of hormones or drugs. The treatment
might not be effective for all the patients. The treatment is being used with
increasing frequency across a wide array of cancers including lung cancer, bladder and kidney cancer |
120000
per session |
150000
per session |
Outpatient
procedure |
Stem
Cell Transplant |
Stem
cells are the basic building blocks from which the body's all other cells
(blood cells, tissue cells) are made. These are typically found in the bone
marrow ((the spongy center of certain bones). |
1,200,000 |
2,000,000 |
20-25
days for autologus |